The microbiota of dental diseases describes the microorganisms (inclusive of normal flora of the oral […]
PREPARATION OF BACTERIAL SMEAR & HEAT FIXING
Bacterial smear is defined as a dehydrated or dried preparation of a bacterial suspension (cells) […]
FUNGAL MORPHOLOGY
Fungi unlike other groups of microorganisms possess or have unique structures which distinguish them from […]
PARTS OF A CELL AND THEIR FUNCTIONS
The cells of all living organisms share several structural characteristics together. Some of the many […]
Microorganisms Used in Biotechnological Processes
Biotechnology, the application of biological systems or organisms to develop products and technologies for human […]
MICROBIOTA (NORMAL MICROFLORA) OF LIVING ORGANISMS
Microbiota which can also be called normal microflora is the totality of microorganisms that are […]
Food Preservation Methods
Food preservation is the technique used to prevent food spoilage. It encompass all the methods […]
PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES TO OBSERVE WHILE WORKING IN THE MICROBIOLOGY LABORATORY
REFERENCES Atlas R.M (2010). Handbook of Microbiological Media. Fourth edition. American Society of Microbiology Press, […]
SCOPE OF MICROBIOLOGY
The field of Microbiology has tremendous possibilities and a very bright future, and intending or […]
The History of Virology: From Invisible Pathogens to Modern Scientific Breakthroughs
Early discoveries and the birth of virology Virology is the branch of biological science that […]
STAINING TECHNIQUE
Staining is any microbiological process which increases the contrast of organisms when certain dyes or […]
MICROBIAL GROWTH PHASE
Microbial growth is a fundamental biological process that governs the proliferation of microbial cells in […]
Overview of Molecular Biology
Molecular biology is the study of the genetic makeup of organisms at the level of […]
OVERVIEW OF BACTERIA
Bacteria (singular: Bacterium) is one of the two important members of the prokaryotes (i.e. cells […]
Properties of Microorganisms Used in Industrial Microbiology Applications
Microorganisms including bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, yeasts such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia pastoris, filamentous fungi such as Aspergillus species, actinomycetes such as Streptomyces, and, in specialized […]
INOCULATING LOOP
Inoculating loop or wire loop is a general purpose piece of instrument that allows microbiologist […]
MICROBIOLOGY KEYWORDS A-Z GLOSSARY OF MICROBIOLOGY YOU NEED TO KNOW
Master these microbiology keywords, terms and definitions with this A-Z Glossary of Microbiology! In this […]
GERM THEORY OF DISEASE
Germ theory of disease is the theory that human infectious diseases are caused by specific […]
SPONTANEOUS GENERATION (ABIOGENESIS)
Spontaneous generation (abiogenesis) is the mistaken hypothesis that living organisms are capable of being generated […]
Milestones in Microbiology
Other landmarks and discoveries in the field of microbiology are summarized in Table 1. Table […]
JAMES WATSON
Born on the 6th of April, 1928, James Watson is an American molecular biologist, geneticist, […]
FRANCIS CRICK (1916-2004)
Francis Crick was an English molecular biologist, biophysicist, and neuroscientist. He co-discovered the molecular structure […]
FREDERICK GRIFFITH (1879-1941)
Frederick Griffith was a British bacteriologist who performed transformation experiments that suggested that DNA was […]
SERGEI WINOGRADSKY (1856-1953)
Sergei Winogradsky was a Ukrainian-Russian microbiologist, ecologist and soil scientist who was among the first […]
MARTINUS BEIJERINCK (1851-1931)
Martinus Beijerinck was a Dutch microbiologist and botanists who like Sergei Winogradsky began examining the […]
GERHARD DOMAGK (1895-1964)
Gerhard Domagk was a German pathologist and bacteriologist who reported in 1935 that prontosil (a […]
PAUL EHRLICH (1854-1915)
Systematic work on antimicrobial drugs was first initiated by the Germanphysician Paul Ehrlich. Ehrlich worked […]
DMITRI IWANOVSKI (1864-1920)
Dmitri Iwanovski was a Russian botanist, and one of the discoverer of filterable nature of […]
JOSEPH LISTER (1827-1912)
Joseph Lister, an English surgeon is the father of antiseptic surgery. He was aware of […]
IGNAZ SEMMELWEIS (1818-1865)
Ignaz Semmelweisis regarded as the father of infection control because of his discovery of the […]
ELIE METCHNIKOFF (1845-1916)
Elie Metchnikoff was a Russian biologist, zoologist and protozoologist who is best remembered for his […]
ABBE LAZZARO SPALLANZANI (1729-1799)
Lazzaro, an Italian naturalist criticized John Needham’s work on spontaneous generation. In 1769, he performed […]
GIROLAMO FRACASTORO (1478-1553)
While the issue of spontaneous generation lasted as at the time, some other scientist like […]
FRANCESCO REDI (1626-1697)
Francesco Redi, an Italian scientist was the first scientist to challenge the theory of spontaneous […]
NICOLAS APPERT (1749-1841)
Nicolas Appert, a French chef and a confectioner is the “father of canning”, and was […]
FERDINAND J. COHN (1828-1898)
Ferdinand Cohn, a German biologist was born in Breslau (now in Poland). Cohn was the […]
EDWARD JENNER (1749-1823)
Edward Jenner was the pioneer of the dreaded smallpox vaccination and also the father of […]
LOUIS PASTEUR (1822-1895)
Louis Pasteur, a French scientist was the first to report the role of microorganisms in […]
JOHN TYNDALL (1820-1883)
One of the traditional arguments against abiogenesis was the claim that the heat used to […]
ALEXANDER FLEMMING (1881-1955)
Alexander Flemming, a Scottish born physician who spent most of his time studying bacteria discovered […]
AVERY OSWALD (1877-1955)
Avery Oswald was a Canadian-born American physician and medical researcher who provided the molecular explanation […]
HANS CHRISTIAN JOACHIM GRAM (1853-1938)
Hans Gram developed a microbiological technique which is still used today in clinical microbiology practice […]
ROBERT HOOKE (1635-1703)
Robert Hooke was the first scientist to study and record living cells using the microscope. […]
JOHN NEEDHAM (1713-1781)
John Needham is the English scientist who performed experiments on spontaneous generation or abiogenesis in […]
ANTHONY VAN LEEUWENHOEK (1632-1723)
Anthony Van Leeuwenhoek was a Dutch scientist and tradesman who did a part time job […]
ROBERT KOCH (1843-1910)
Robert Koch, a German scientist was the first medical microbiologist. Koch was also the first […]
Historical Perspectives of Microbiology
Microbiology as a field in the biological sciences saw the light of the day because […]
SIGNIFICANCE OF BIODETERIORATION/BIODEGRADATION
Microorganisms are ubiquitous and they play several roles in the degradation of recalcitrant organic and […]
MICROBIAL DISEASES TRANSMISSIBLE THROUGH THE SOIL
Microorganisms are ubiquitous and are thus found everywhere including the soil. The soil no doubt […]
HOST-PARASITE RELATIONSHIPS (MICROBIAL ASSOCIATIONS)
A host-parasite relationship is an association that exists between two organisms known as the host […]