Biological and chemical weapons, while unlikely to be used in conventional warfare, represent an ongoing […]
Category: Public Health & Parasitology
Understanding the Major Transmission Routes of Biological and Chemical Agents
Biological and chemical agents used in bioterrorism can be transmitted to human or animal populations […]
Overview of other Hazardous Chemicals used as Agents of Chemical Warfare: Mechanisms, Effects, and Implications for Human Health
Chemical warfare agents represent a diverse set of toxic compounds designed to harm or incapacitate […]
Category C Biological Agents – Emerging Threats in Public Health: Understanding Category “C” Biological Agents and Their Potential for Future Bioterrorism
Category “C” biological agents occupy a distinct and critical niche in the spectrum of emerging […]
Category B Biological Agents: microbiology, transmission pathways, clinical manifestations
Category B biological agents constitute the second highest priority group of biological threat agents in public health […]
Category A Biological Agents: How to Identify, Contain, and Prepare for the Highest-Risk Biothreats
Category A biological agents are pathogens or toxins classified by the Centers for Disease Control and […]
Microbes Used as Biological Weapons: Bioterrorism Threats and Global Biosecurity Measures
Microorganisms have long been recognized not only for their role in disease and ecology but […]
BIOTERRORISM: Definition & Attributes of Biological Agents used for Biowarfare
Bioterrorism is broadly defined as the unauthorized, deliberate, or threatened use of microorganisms including bacteria, […]
Microbiological Risk Assessment: Identification, Evaluation, and Control of Biological Hazards
Microbiological risk assessment (MRA) is a systematic and structured process used to evaluate the potential […]
Bioterrorism Through History: From Ancient Biological Warfare to Modern Global Security Threats
Bioterrorism refers to the deliberate use of biological agents such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or […]
Schistosomiasis and One Health: Tackling a Snail-Borne Threat to Humans, Animals, and Ecosystems
Schistosomiasis, also known as bilharzia, is a debilitating water-borne disease caused by parasitic blood flukes […]
How Global Change Contributes to the Spread of Infectious Diseases
The dynamics of infectious disease transmission are shaped by a complex interplay of environmental, biological, […]
Hand washing: when and how to wash your hands
Hand hygiene is one of the simplest, most effective, and most affordable measures for preventing […]
Healthy Habits to Help Prevent Flu
Influenza (flu) is a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses that infect the nose, […]
GIARDIASIS
Giardiasis is a water-borne protozoal diarrheal-disease that is cause by parasites in the genus Giardia. […]
LEISHMANIASIS
Leishmaniasis is the parasitic disease caused by the protozoal organism, Leishmania. The disease affects the […]
Pathogen and Host Factors that Influence Disease Development
Disease development is a dynamic and multifactorial process resulting from complex interactions among pathogens, hosts, […]
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF MALARIA
Malaria is increasing at a worrying rate compared to the other blood and tissue parasitic […]
FACTORS THAT AFFECT TRANSMISSION OF MALARIA
Environmental factors greatly enhances the spread and transmission of malaria because these climatic factors which […]
TERMINOLOGIES USED IN PLASMODIUM INFECTION
References Aschengrau A and Seage G.R (2013). Essentials of Epidemiology in Public Health. Third edition. […]
LIFE CYCLE OF MOSQUITO
Mosquito species including those of Anopheles carry out effective breeding and survival in freshwaters (i.e. […]
HUMAN PLASMODIUM SPECIES: causative agents of malaria
Malaria in humans is majorly caused by four (4) species of Plasmodium. Plasmodium species are […]
TRICHINELLOSIS
Trichinellosis or trichinosis is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by tissue nematodes or roundworms after […]
PARAGONIMIASIS
Paragonimiasis or lung-fluke infection is a protozoan lung disease that resembles bacterial tuberculosis in humans; […]
DRACUNCULIASIS
Dracunculiasis is a crippling parasitic disease that is caused by a tissue nematode (roundworm) which […]
Classification of parasites that parasitize humans
Generally, parasites can be classified into two major groups: Endoparasites are parasites that live inside […]
Portal of Entry of Infectious Agents into the Human Body
Infectious diseases remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide despite significant advances in […]
ECHINOCOCCOSIS(HYDATIDOSIS, OR HYDATID DISEASE)
BIOLOGY AND CAUSATIVE AGENTS OF ECHINOCOCOCCUS Human echinococcosis (hydatidosis, or hydatid disease) is caused by […]
Botulism – a public health menace
Key facts Foodborne botulism is a serious, potentially fatal disease. However, it is relatively rare. […]
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) is an illness caused by a virus (more specifically, a […]
Anthroponotic Diseases (Anthroponoses) and Sapronoses: An Ecological Overview of Human-Associated and Environmental Infectious Systems
Anthroponotic diseases (anthroponoses) and sapronoses represent two distinct ecological and epidemiological modes of infectious disease […]
FTA CARDS
The acronym FTA stands for “Flinders Technology Association”. FTA CARDS are chemically treated Whatman filter […]
MALARIA
Malaria is an insect-transmitted parasitic disease characterized by recurrent episodes of fever and anaemia (loss […]
REASONS FOR THE HIGH FREQUENCY OF PARASITES & PARASITIC DISEASES IN TROPICAL & SUBTROPICAL REGIONS
Parasitic diseases are usually common in rainforest parts of the world (the tropical and subtropical […]
Introduction to Parasitology
Parasitology is the study of parasites and their interaction with other organisms (i.e. their hosts). […]
PUBLIC HEALTH AND PARASITIC DISEASES
Public health is a branch of medical sciences that primarily deals with the surveillance, control, […]