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Category: Immunology & Immune System

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  • Immunology & Immune System
CELLS OF INNATE IMMUNITY
  • Immunology & Immune System

CELLS OF INNATE IMMUNITY

  • DrChika
  • May 26, 2025

Innate immunity is found in nearly all forms of life, and exposure to foreign substances […]

INNATE IMMUNITY
  • Immunology & Immune System

INNATE IMMUNITY

  • DrChika
  • October 12, 2023

Innate immunity is the body’s natural inborn resistance to infection and it is quick in […]

SIGNIFICANCE OF MONOCLONAL AND POLYCLONAL ANTIBODIES
  • Immunology & Immune System

SIGNIFICANCE OF MONOCLONAL AND POLYCLONAL ANTIBODIES

  • DrChika
  • October 6, 2023

The two basic forms in which antibodies can be produced in purified forms in the […]

ORGANS OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM AND THEIR FUNCTION
  • Immunology & Immune System

ORGANS OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM AND THEIR FUNCTION

  • DrChika
  • September 13, 2023

The organs of the immune system are generally divided into two major groups: the primary […]

B CELL PRODUCTION
  • Immunology & Immune System

B CELL PRODUCTION

  • DrChika
  • September 13, 2023

B cells are specialized type of lymphocytes that are responsible for the production of antibodies […]

MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX (MHC) MOLECULES
  • Immunology & Immune System

MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX (MHC) MOLECULES

  • DrChika
  • July 31, 2023

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) moleculesalso known as human leukocyte antigens (HLA) complex are a large […]

IMMUNE SYSTEM CELLS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS
  • Immunology & Immune System

IMMUNE SYSTEM CELLS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS

  • DrChika
  • July 31, 2023

All the cells of the immune system inclusive of blood cells originate from the bone […]

ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY REACTION
  • Microbe Lab
  • Immunology & Immune System
  • Techniques in Microbiology Lab

ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY REACTION

  • DrChika
  • April 25, 2023

Antigen-antibody reaction is an immunological reaction in which a particular antibody molecule reacts with a […]

ELISA
  • Immunology & Immune System
  • Microbe Lab
  • Techniques in Microbiology Lab

ELISA

  • DrChika
  • April 25, 2023

ELISA is the acronym for “enzyme linked immunosorbent assay”. It is an immunoassay or serological […]

MANTOUX (TUBERCULIN) TEST
  • Biochemical Tests in Microbiology Lab
  • Immunology & Immune System

MANTOUX (TUBERCULIN) TEST

  • DrChika
  • April 17, 2023

Mantoux (Tuberculin) Test is used as a laboratory diagnostic aid to detect reactions of individuals […]

HERD IMMUNITY
  • Epidemiology
  • Immunology & Immune System

HERD IMMUNITY

  • DrChika
  • March 3, 2023

Herd immunity is a group resistance of a population against a particular disease and the […]

IMMUNOGLOBULIN D (IgD)
  • Immunology & Immune System

IMMUNOGLOBULIN D (IgD)

  • DrChika
  • February 10, 2023

Immunoglobulin D (IgD) is an antibody with the basic four polypeptide structure of an immunoglobulin […]

IMMUNOGLOBULIN G (IgG)
  • Immunology & Immune System

IMMUNOGLOBULIN G (IgG)

  • DrChika
  • February 10, 2023

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is a monomeric antibody and the most predominant immunoglobulin in secondary (memory) […]

IMMUNOGLOBULIN E (IgE)
  • Immunology & Immune System

IMMUNOGLOBULIN E (IgE)

  • DrChika
  • February 10, 2023

Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is an antibody that is known to bind to host tissue cells […]

IMMUNOGLOBULIN M (IgM)
  • Immunology & Immune System

IMMUNOGLOBULIN M (IgM)

  • DrChika
  • February 10, 2023

Immunoglobulin M (IgM) is an antibody that mainly exist as a pentamer i.e. it consists […]

COLOSTRUM
  • Immunology & Immune System

COLOSTRUM

  • DrChika
  • February 10, 2023

Colostrum is the first secretion of the mammary gland (breast) produced before proper lactation commences […]

IMMUNOGLOBULIN A (IgA)
  • Immunology & Immune System

IMMUNOGLOBULIN A (IgA)

  • DrChika
  • February 10, 2023

Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is an antibody found in serum (as a monomer of about 150,000 […]

TYPES OF ANTIBODIES
  • Immunology & Immune System

TYPES OF ANTIBODIES

  • DrChika
  • February 10, 2023

Immunoglobulins do not actually kill or eliminate pathogenic microorganisms or antigens from the body. The […]

ANTIBODIES (Immunoglobulins)
  • Immunology & Immune System

ANTIBODIES (Immunoglobulins)

  • DrChika
  • February 10, 2023

Antibodies are soluble protein molecules produced by the B cells of the immune system in […]

CHARACTERISTICS OF ANTIGENS
  • Immunology & Immune System

CHARACTERISTICS OF ANTIGENS

  • DrChika
  • February 10, 2023

However antigenic a foreign molecule/substance may be, to be immunogenic and qualify to be called […]

IMPORTANCE OF IMMUNIZATION
  • Immunology & Immune System
  • Virology

IMPORTANCE OF IMMUNIZATION

  • DrChika
  • January 16, 2023

Immunization is the process whereby a person is made immune or resistant to an infectious […]

ANTIGEN RETRIEVAL PROTOCOL FOR PARAFFIN-EMBEDDED TISSUE
  • Immunology & Immune System

ANTIGEN RETRIEVAL PROTOCOL FOR PARAFFIN-EMBEDDED TISSUE

  • DrChika
  • January 15, 2023

In the previous section on DEPARAFFINIZATION PRIOR TO IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY STAINING, we looked at deparaffinization and […]

ANTIBODY SELECTION AND STAINING FOR IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY
  • Immunology & Immune System

ANTIBODY SELECTION AND STAINING FOR IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY

  • DrChika
  • January 15, 2023

We have looked at deparaffinization and rehydration of paraffin-embedded tissue, as well as antigen-retrieval protocol […]

What is a stem cell?
  • Cell Culture Notes
  • Immunology & Immune System

What is a stem cell?

  • DrChika
  • January 14, 2023

A stem cell is a cell with the unique ability to develop into specialised cell types […]

ANTIGEN
  • Immunology & Immune System

ANTIGEN

  • DrChika
  • December 31, 2022

Antigen is any substance or molecule that can trigger an immune response in an animal. […]

RESPONSES OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
  • Immunology & Immune System

RESPONSES OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

  • DrChika
  • December 27, 2022

The immune system is a complex system which consists of collection of cells, organs, tissues […]

HISTORY OF IMMUNOLOGY
  • Immunology & Immune System

HISTORY OF IMMUNOLOGY

  • DrChika
  • December 26, 2022

Man’s interest in achieving some level of resistance to diseases and their causative agents (i.e. […]

Introduction to Immunology / Immune System
  • Immunology & Immune System

Introduction to Immunology / Immune System

  • DrChika
  • December 17, 2022

Immunology is simply defined as the study of how the immune system of a living […]

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