Polyomaviridae family contains DNA tumourviruses like the Papillomaviridae family. Polyomavirus is the only viral genera or genus in the Polyomaviridae family. They are so named because the polyomaviruses causes tumour in various organs of the body including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, brain and bones. However, there are various genotypes of viruses in this family that […]
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Virology
Theviral family Papillomaviridae comprises of papillomaviruses (abbreviated as PVs); and they were previously classified together with polyomavirus in the Papovaviridae family which is no longer in use in viral taxonomy for DNA containing viruses. Papillomavirus is the only viral genome in the Papillomaviridae family; and the papillomaviruses are oncogenic i.e. they are cancer-causing viruses. Human
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Virology
Microorganisms are incubated in the incubator at different temperatures and time interval depending on the oxygen requirement of the organisms amongst other vital conditions required for optimum growth. Incubation technique is a microbiological procedure which is used to maintain microbial cultures of culture media at a particular ambient temperature at different time intervals. Microbial cultures
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Culture media, Techniques in Microbiology Lab
Culturing technique is used for the propagation of microorganisms in the microbiology laboratory; and it is an important procedure required for studying the morphological characteristics of microbes especially on solid culture media. Microorganisms are cultured in various ways and in various conditions using different growth media (inclusive of solid media or broth/liquid media). Bacterial growth
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Bacteriology, Culture media, Techniques in Microbiology Lab
Escherichia coli is a facultative, enteric, Gram-negative, motile/flagellated, and lactose-fermenting rod that occur in the genus Escherichia and family Enterobacteria or Enterobacteriaceae. Enterobacteriaceae are bacteria that naturally exist in the intestinal tract of animals and humans, and also found in water and soil. Because the natural habitat of E. coli is the intestinal tract of
Clostridium botulinum is a Gram-positive, strict-anaerobic, motile, pleomorphic, catalase-negative, endospore-forming bacillus (rod) that is ubiquitously found in the soil. The endopores of C. botulinum are sub-terminally placed or located on the bacterium and they are oval in shape. C. botulinum is found in the genus Clostridium and class Clostridia; and members are known to cause
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Bacteriology
Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a unicellular yeast cell that is found in the Kingdom fungi (singular: fungus). S. cerevisiae is found in the genus Saccharomyces and family Saccharomycetaceae. Morphologically, the cells of S. cerevisiae are ellipsoidal or cylindrical; and they can be propagated in the laboratory on simple mycological media such as Sabouraud dextrose agar
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Biotechnology, Industrial Microbiology
MALTING STAGE Malting is defined as a controlled partial germination of the cereal grain or barley. Malting helps to develop amylases and proteases in the barley. Malting is the first of the enzymatic process involved in beer production; and the enzymes that malting develops in the grains bring about the chemical conversions of all the
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Industrial Microbiology, Biotechnology
Incubator is a piece of equipment which is used in the microbiology laboratory to provide optimum temperature and oxygen concentration amongst other vital environmental factors required for the growth of microorganisms. It is generally used for growing microbial cultures inclusive of fungi and bacteria. The incubator supplies and maintains optimum growth physical and chemical conditions
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General Microbiology
Biosafety laminar flow cabinet or hood is used to maintain a clean environment when performing microbiological investigations. The hood also protects the worker or scientist from a direct contamination with the organisms or materials they are working with. It provides the perfect environment for the handling of pathogenic microorganisms or infectious specimens; and the hood
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General Microbiology