The spores (conidia) are produced in dry chains from the tips of the phialides, with the youngest spore at the base of the chain (Figure 1). Penicillium is found in the soil, decaying vegetation, air and they are common contaminants on various substances. Penicillium causes food spoilage, and it colonizes leather objects. It is an […]
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Mycology
There are various forms of halitosis (bad breath) that an individual can experience at different points in their life time. While some forms of bad breath may be caused by the type of food the individual consumed or ate; other forms of halitosis may warrant clinical investigation in order to remedy the situation. Morning breath
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Microbiology of Oral Infection
Bad breath is clinically known as halitosis. Halitosis is an oral health condition that affects the oral hygiene of humans, and it is mostly experienced as mouth odour i.e. the release of foul smell from the buccal cavity (mouth). The phrase “halitosis” is derived from the Latin word “halitus” which means breath and the Greek
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Microbiology of Oral Infection
Periodontitis is defined as the microbial infection of the periodontal membrane leading to pyorrhea, and resulting in the teeth falling out if left untreated. It is the inflammation of the periodontium. Periodontitis can occur from the penetration of the periodontal membrane by pathogenic bacteria or the activation of resident oral bacteria in the mouth. Prior
Gingivitis is simply defined as the inflammation of the gum (gingivae) caused by microbial activity. It is the redness and swelling of the gingival tissues or gum as a result of bacterial infection. Gingivitis is mediated by oral bacteria including Fusobacterium species, Bacteroides, Entamoeba gingivalis, Prevotella species, Bacillus intermedius, Capnocytophaga species, Veillonella speciesand Actinomyces species.
The procedures described below are guidelines of the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). They are specific guidelines that will help you to handle your microbial cells efficiently after procurement, in order to get the best result upon their usage for your experiment. Though the procedure of thawing, reviving or handling microbial cultures may vary from
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Cell Culture Notes, Techniques in Microbiology Lab
Immunization is the process whereby a person is made immune or resistant to an infectious disease, typically by the administration of a vaccine. Vaccines stimulate the body’s own immune system to protect the person against subsequent infection or disease. Another word that can be used for immunization is vaccination. Immunization is a proven tool for
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Immunology & Immune System, Virology
The Isolation of Genomic DNA from the bacterium, Escherichia coli is explained in this section Aim of the experiment: To isolate the genomic DNA from Escherichia coli DH5α cells. PRINCIPLE OF THE EXPERIMENT The isolation and purification of DNA from cells is one of the most common procedures in contemporary molecular biology and embodies a transition
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Biotechnology, Molecular Microbiology
Level of disease The amount of a particular disease that is usually present in a community is referred to as the baseline or endemic level of the disease. This level is not necessarily the desired level, which may in fact be zero, but rather is the observed level. In the absence of intervention and assuming
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Epidemiology
Desoxycholate Citrate Agar (DCA) is a selective medium for the isolation of Salmonella and Shigella organisms. It is ideal for the investigation of pathogenic Enterobacteria. The Gram-positive organisms are totally inhibited by the sodium citrate and sodium desoxycholate in the medium. Proteus and coliforms are also highly inhibited. Salmonella typhi, S. paratyphi and Shigella species
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Culture media