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TOOLS OF BIOTECHNOLOGY

Biotechnology uses the tools of molecular biology (i.e. genetic engineering) to produce novel products through the sole manipulation and modification of the genes and gene products of living systems including microorganisms. It borrows scientific expertise from a wide array of disciplines including but not limited to biochemistry, biology, genetics, chemistry, microbiology and molecular biology. Microbial […]

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Biotechnology, Molecular Microbiologybioinformatics, biotechnology, DNA sequence analysis, fluxomics, Functional genomics, GenBank, genomics, high-throughput techniques, metabolomics, omics, omics data, protein sequence, protein structure, proteomics, TOOLS OF BIOTECHNOLOGY, transcriptomics

AXENIC (Gnotobiotic) ANIMALS

DrChika

Axenic animals are laboratory controlled animals that are germ-free i.e. animals that are not contaminated with any microorganisms and are devoid of any microflora. Such animals can also be called Gnotobiotic animals. Gnotobiotic or Axenic animals have tremendous medical research applications. The microflora from axenic animals help scientists to elucidate the relationship that exist between

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Bacteriology, General MicrobiologyAXENIC, AXENIC ANIMALS, germ-free, gnotobiotic, gnotobiotic animals

APPERTIZATION

DrChika

Appertization is simply defined as the heat-treatment of food at certain temperature levels that inhibit or kill pathogenic microorganisms present in the food. Unlike pasteurization which uses temperatures below 100oC to kill microbes in food, appertization (which was discovered by Nicolas Appert in the 18th century) is generally a food preservation technique that is used

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Food Microbiologyappertization, appertized food, canning, father of canning, food microbiology, FOOD PRESERVATION, food processing, NICOLAS APPERT

SAFETY IN THE LABORATORY

DrChika

Safety in the clinical microbiology laboratory should not be taken for granted. It is paramount that scientists including those visiting the laboratory for one task or the other and students on training imbibe and keep to all safety measures in order to avoid being infected by microorganisms. Laboratory workers, scientists and technicians working in the

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Safety tips in Microbiology Labmicrobiology lab, safety, SAFETY IN THE LABORATORY

SLIME MOULDS

DrChika

Slime moulds are eukaryotic organisms that have fungus-like features as well as some animal- or protists-like features. Slime moulds were previously classified as fungi because of some characteristics which both organisms share. Slime moulds like fungi produce spores and fruiting bodies; and these features warranted there earlier classification as fungi but this is no longer

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MycologyAcrasiomycota, Cellular slime moulds, fungi, mould, mycology, Myxomycota, slime, slime moulds

SIGNIFICANCE AND APPLICATIONS OF MICROORGANISMS

DrChika

Mankind has harnessed the power of microorganisms to produce countless number of products such as bread, drugs, vaccines, cheese, fuel/energy, probiotics, beer and wine to mention but a few; and many other grounds are being explored and developed using the resourceful nature of microbial cells. Microorganisms are invisible forms of life with tremendous applications in

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General Microbiology, Biotechnology, Industrial Microbiologyimportance of microorganisms, SIGNIFICANCE AND APPLICATIONS OF MICROORGANISMS

ANTIGEN

DrChika

Antigen is any substance or molecule that can trigger an immune response in an animal. An antigen is basically anything that is foreign to the body and which can react specifically with an antibody. An understanding of the basic characteristics of antigens and/or pathogens that spark immunological response in the body is vital for us

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Immunology & Immune Systemantigen, ENDOGENOUS ANTIGENS, EXOGENOUS ANTIGENS, pathogens

MAGNIFICATION

DrChika

Magnification is the enlargement of a specimen or an object seen through a microscope. It is a function performed solely by two parts of a microscope i.e. the eye piece (ocular) lenses and the objective lenses. The final image of a specimen under a microscope is seen by the ocular lens after being received from

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Microscopy & Microscopemagnification, microscope, objective lens, RESOLUTION

ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF VIRUSES

DrChika

Though they are known to cause plethora of infectious diseases in man, plants and animals; viruses are very useful tools that can be exploited to the benefit of mankind. References Acheson N.H (2011). Fundamentals of Molecular Virology. Second edition. John Wiley and Sons Limited, West Sussex, United Kingdom. Alan J. Cann (2005). Principles of Molecular

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VirologyECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF VIRUSES, importance of viruses, phage, virology, virus, viruses

INOCULATION TECHNIQUE

DrChika

Inoculation is a microbiology technique which is used to introduce or place specimens and microbial cultures on or into a culture medium. The organism to be transferred into or onto the surface of the culture media (inclusive of solid and liquid or broth media) is known as inoculum. Inoculation is performed in the microbiology laboratory

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Bacteriology, Techniques in Microbiology Labflaming, INOCULATION, INOCULATION TECHNIQUE