Introduction to Biotechnology

Biotechnology is simply defined as the scientific manipulation of living organisms at the molecular genetics level to produce useful economic products and services that are of added-value to humanity. It is the science that puts microorganisms to work as well as other living things including plants and animal cells. The phrase biotechnology was originally coined […]

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Normal Microflora

The human body is inundated with plethora of harmless microorganism’s including fungi and bacteria found in different parts of the body. These organisms which are generally known as normal microflora are found in both the external and internal part of the body. The relationship between indigenous microorganisms of humans (i.e. normal microflora) and the human

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Introduction to Food Microbiology

Food microbiology is the branch of microbiology that deals with methods for keeping microorganisms (especially food-borne pathogens and spoilage microbes) from growing in food during handling, processing and storage. In food microbiology, microbes that are of importance in food production are studied by food microbiologists; and those pathogens that cause food borne diseases and food

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What microbiologists do – where they work!

All around the world there are microbiologists making a difference to our lives – ensuring our food and water is safe, treating and preventing disease, developing green technologies or tracking the role of microbes in climate change. Microbiologists aim to answer many important global questions by understanding microbes. They work in many places, from labs

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Safety in Microbiology Lab

Safety first is a general slogan that is obtainable in virtually every spheres of life. It goes to show that we should guarantee safety and the wellbeing of our work environment and those involved in the work so that accident will not occur. When accident occurs (especially when safety rules are not properly imbibed), it

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Introduction to Immunology / Immune System

Immunology is simply defined as the study of how the immune system of a living organism functions in either a disease condition or a healthy state. It is the study of how an organism responds to foreign bodies (antigens) that it comes in contact with in the environment, and its differentiation from the body’s own

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Introduction to Microscopy and Microscope

The history of microbiology will be incomplete without first mentioning the discovery and development of the microscope. Microscopes are indispensable tools for studying microorganisms because without the invention of microscopes man will find it difficult to see microbes (which are microscopic in nature and are too small to be seen with the naked or unaided

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Colonial morphology of microorganisms

Microorganisms produce definite patterns on culture media plates as they grow and divide. These specific patterns (inclusive of shapes and sizes) also aid in the preliminary identification of the organisms for further characterization. Colonial morphology is the size, shape, colour, texture and the general structure of an individual colony of a particular microorganism (in this

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