Differences between Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) & Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) Laboratory Testing Regulations

People are often confused by differences between Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) regulations and Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) regulations as they relate to laboratory testing. This is understandable, since both GLPs and GMPs cover lab testing but are very different. In addition, scientists and quality control/quality assurance personnel participating in GLP and GMP studies play different roles. GLP […]

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Pharmaceutical Microbiology, , , ,

CEFTAZIDIME-IMIPENEM ANTAGONISM TEST (CIAT)

Ceftazidime-imipenem antagonism test (CIAT) is one of the phenotypic confirmation tests that can be used to phenotypically confirm AmpC enzyme production in test bacteria isolates that showed reduced susceptibility or resistance to any of the tested antibiotics used in the screening test for AmpC enzyme production screening. Therefore, AmpC enzyme production in the test organisms

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Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Techniques in Microbiology Lab, , ,

Botulism – a public health menace

Key facts Foodborne botulism is a serious, potentially fatal disease. However, it is relatively rare. It is an intoxication usually caused by ingestion of potent neurotoxins, the botulinum toxins, formed in contaminated foods. Person to person transmission of botulism does not occur. Spores produced by the bacteria Clostridium botulinum are heat-resistant and exist widely in the environment,

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Bacteriology, Food Microbiology, Public Health & Parasitic Diseases (Parasitology), , , , , ,

Core Epidemiologic Functions

In the mid-1980s, five major tasks of epidemiology in public health practice were identified. These major tasks of epidemiology in public health practice include: 1. Public health surveillance, 2. Field investigation, 3. Analytic studies, 4. Evaluation, and 5. Linkages. A sixth task is policy development, which was recently added as a major task of epidemiology

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Epidemiology, , , , , , ,

YELLOW FEVER

The yellow fever virus is found in tropical and subtropical areas of Africa and South America. The virus is spread to people by the bite of an infected mosquito. Yellow fever is a very rare cause of illness in U.S. travelers. Illness ranges from a fever with aches and pains to severe liver disease with

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Virology, , , , , , ,

MIDDLE EAST RESPIRATORY SYNDROME (MERS)

Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) is an illness caused by a virus (more specifically, a coronavirus) called Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Most MERS patients developed severe respiratory illness with symptoms of fever, cough and shortness of breath. About 3 or 4 out of every 10 patients reported with MERS have died. All cases

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Public Health & Parasitic Diseases (Parasitology), Virology,

Fusidic acid

Fusidic acid is a bacteriostatic antimicrobial agent and/or antibiotic that is derived from the fungus, Fusidium coccineum. It is used as a topical antimicrobial agent to treat skin infections caused by pathogenic microbes including Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acne. Fusidic acid is an antibiotic that belongs to a group of antimicrobials known as the fusidanes.

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Pharmaceutical Microbiology, , , ,

Cetrimide selective agar

Cetrimide selective agar is used for the selective cultivation and isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from clinical and non-clinical  samples. The preparation of cetrimide selective agar is elaborated in this section. P. aeruginosa is a pigment-producing bacterium. The organism produces certain types of pigments including pyocyanin (blue-green pigment), pyomelanin (black pigment) and pyoverdine (yellow-green and fluorescent pigment) [Figure

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Culture media, , ,

CELL DENSITY METER

Cell density meter is an instrument that is used for measuring of the density of (microbial) cells in suspension. The cell density meter is a portable spectrophotometer that can be easily carried from one point to another in the laboratory especially during an experiment. It can be used in the microbiology laboratory to elucidate the

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Techniques in Microbiology Lab, , , ,

Calculation for preparing culture media

In this section, you will learn how to calculate for culture media preparation. Calculations for culture media preparation should not be a stressful activity. However, beginners might find some hurdles along the way. And this section is geared towards helping beginners in the filed of microbiology understand the simple math involved in properly calculating for

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Culture media,