Biotechnology

SIGNIFICANCE AND APPLICATIONS OF MICROORGANISMS

Mankind has harnessed the power of microorganisms to produce countless number of products such as bread, drugs, vaccines, cheese, fuel/energy, probiotics, beer and wine to mention but a few; and many other grounds are being explored and developed using the resourceful nature of microbial cells. Microorganisms are invisible forms of life with tremendous applications in […]

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General Microbiology, Biotechnology, Industrial Microbiology,

STEPS OF PERFORMING GEL ELECTROPHORESIS

Gel electrophoresis is one type of electrophoresis technique, and its procedure is highlighted below. The following materials and steps and steps are employed in gel electrophoresis technique:  In some agarose gel experimentation, ethidium bromide (EtBr) solution is added alongside the DNA solution to be analyzed. However, the EtBr is usually added to the prepared gel

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Biotechnology, Molecular Microbiology, , , ,

CHARACTERISTICS OF MICROORGANISMS USED FOR BIOTECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES

As one of the world’s most research-intensive industry, biotechnology corporations are high-profit making enterprises that seek to increase their economic base while obtaining high returns from their investments. Research and development (R&D) spending in the biotechnology industries of most nations including the United States of America runs into billions of dollars. Recombinant human insulin for

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Biotechnology, , ,

CENTRAL DOGMA (FRAMEWORK) OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

The central framework of molecular biology otherwise known as the “central dogma” is the starting point for the actual course of movement of genetic information within the cell’s nucleus of an organism. The transfer of genetic information within the cell of an organism (i.e. in the nucleus) from deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) to ribonucleic acid (RNA)

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Biotechnology, Molecular Microbiology, , , , , , , ,

MICROBIAL METABOLITES: Primary Metabolites & Secondary Metabolites

Microbial metabolites are metabolic intermediate molecules synthesized by microorganisms during and after their growth. They are the metabolic intermediates of the biosynthetic and degradative pathways of microorganisms Microbes synthesize metabolites or metabolic intermediates at an increasing rate; and these metabolites are usually harvested or recovered by industrial processes usually at the end of the fermentation

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Biotechnology, Industrial Microbiology, , ,

MICROORGANISMS USED FOR BIOTECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES

Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms including plants, animals and microorganisms are used for biotechnological manipulations. Whole animals and plants are manipulated through genetic engineering to produce transgenic animals and plants respectively. In addition, bacteria and other eukaryotic cells have been genetically manipulated to produce non-microbial products such as human growth hormones, insulin, interferon, mammalian proteins

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Biotechnology, Industrial Microbiology, , ,

MICROBIAL GROWTH PHASE

Microbial cells can exhibit different growth patterns depending on the availability of growth nutrients in their immediate environment. In batch culture, microbial cells cannot grow continuously because the growth nutrients required for development is not renewed after it has been depleted. Thus exponential growth is limited to a few generations of microbial cells in batch

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Biotechnology, Food Microbiology, Industrial Microbiology, , , , , , , ,